Can't stop the hype: scrutinizing AI's realities
无法停止的炒作：审视人工智能的现实
Author: Dan M. Kotliar（丹·M. 考特里亚尔）
Source：《Information Communication & Society》2025 Volume27 Issue5
Abstract: Recently, we have been inundated with reports about the revolutions brought about by AI. However, much of our knowledge about these 'revolutions' arises from media sensationalism and advertising clamor - from AI hype. Therefore, to understand the societal impacts of AI, we must first grapple with its hype and ask: What truly transpires in the 'revolutions' allegedly brought about by AI? What role does hype play in them? This paper addresses this need by offering a methodological framework for studying AI, a way to scrutinize AI hype while acknowledging its power. I begin by presenting the STATE typology of AI hype that differentiates between five distinct types of hype. I then offer six heuristics to identify and explore AI hype. Lastly, I argue that holistic empirical research can leverage the STATE typology and its heuristics into a robust methodological design for scrutinizing AI-driven phenomena and their hype.
文摘：近来，我们周围充斥着关于人工智能所引发革命的报道。然而，我们对这些“革命”的认知很大程度上源于媒体的耸人听闻和广告的喧嚣——即人工智能炒作。因此，为了解人工智能的社会影响，我们必须首先直面其炒作现象并追问：在据称由人工智能带来的“革命”中，究竟发生了什么？炒作在其中又扮演了何种角色？本文通过提供一种研究人工智能的方法论框架来回应这一需求，该路径旨在审视人工智能炒作，同时承认其影响力。我首先提出了人工智能炒作的 STATE 类型学，区分了五种不同类型的炒作。随后，我提供了六种用于识别和探索人工智能炒作的启发式方法。最后，通过论证整体性的实证研究可以利用 STATE 类型学及其启发式方法，构建出稳健的方法论设计，以审视人工智能驱动的现象及其炒作。
Keywords: AI hype; AI; methodology; critical algorithm studies; algorithm; STATE typology
编译：任艳林、刘鑫
